I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science, with a major. A symmetric encryption algorithm based on dna computing. In one of the approaches dna based cryptography itself is used to encrypt and decrypt the message. Pairingbased cryptography is a relatively young area of cryptography that revolves around a particular function with interesting propreties. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based on dna cryptography which enhances. In 2003, jie chen 2 proposed dna cryptographic algorithm on carbon nanotube and dna based system. With the growth of the information technology power, and with the emergence of new technologies, the number of threats a user is supposed to deal with grew. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Ashish gehani, thomas labean, and john reif department of computer science, duke university y abstract recent research has considered dna as a medium for ultrascale computation and for ultracompact information storage. Hardware implementation of dna based cryptography request pdf. Dna cryptography is a emerging field of cryptography.
Dna binary strands support feasibility and applicability of dna based cryptography debnath bhattacharyya et al. It also covers web security, as in kerberos, pgp, smime, and ssl. A novel dna computing based encryption and decryption. Book cover of amr mohamed a dnabased cryptography and. A random and unique codebook is taken into account. Aspects of dna cryptography calina popovici abstract. A new color image encryption algorithm based on dna deoxyribonucleic acid sequence addition operation is presented. Finally, in section 6, conclusions are drawn and recommendations for future research are pointedout. Secondly, we use the chaotic sequences generated by chens hyperchaotic maps to. It covers real ciphers and real systems using ciphers. Recent research has considered dna as a medium for ultrascale computation and for ultracompact information storage. Vlsi implementation of image encryption using dna cryptography.
In this paper a novel encryption algorithm is devised based on number conversion, dna digital coding, pcr amplification, which can effectively prevent attack. Cryptography is both a science and an art, dating back for thousands of years. The proposed invitro and invivo methods for modern cryptography are the first modern secrecy protocols implemented using genetic engineering techniques. Dna computing and cryptography is based on the biological elements of dna. Though the field is extremely complex and current work is still in the developmental stages, there is a lot of hope that dna computing will act as a good technique for information security. Section 5 presents the description of two different scenarios that are used to evaluate the randomness of generated cryptographic keys. One potential key application is dna based, molecular cryptography systems.
I suspect that this book has most to offer on the practical implementation issues, which are highlighted in the title. It allows the construction of novel cryptosystems that are otherwise di. The dna cryptography is the art of securing the data using dna sequence. The method simulates the transcription, splicing, and translation process of the central dogma. Hardware implementation of dna based cryptography request.
The new dna based cryptographic key generation algorithm is given in section 4. Proceedings2003 lai xuejia, lu mingxin asymmetric encryption and signature method with dna technology vol. Dna encryption is the process of hiding or perplexing genetic information by a computational method in order to improve genetic privacy in dna sequencing processes. Dna based mostly cryptography with the study of polymer computing, there was found a new emerged technique referred to as polymer cryptography. Dna based cryptography cryptography is a technique that deals with all the reputation for the safe and secured communication over an unsafe channel. Secure data communication and cryptography based on dna.
The human genome is complex and long, but it is very possible to interpret important, and identifying, information from smaller variabilities, rather than reading the entire genome. I am submitting herewith a thesis written by scott edward fields entitled hardware design and implementation of rolebased cryptography. We present a novel image encryption algorithm based on dna subsequence operation. Once youre past schneiers excellent introduction, applied cryptography, i suggest reading handbook of applied cryptography, it contains all the details that would have cluttered schneiers book, but are required for anyone interested in actual implementation of secure protocols and programs. There by dna cryptography does not absolutely repulse traditional cryptography and it is possible to construct hybrid cryptography. Although in its primitive stage, dna cryptography is shown to be very effective. Dna based cryptography techniques with applications and. In this book, dna based cryptography methods are proposed as combined with data hiding techniques for an increased level of security using basic concepts and properties of the deoxyribonucleic acid dna. A novel dna computing based encryption and decryption algorithm. Researches and studies are being carried out to identify a better and unbreakable cryptographic standard.
Enhancing asymmetric encryption using dna based cryptography. In todays modern time, the field of biology and that of security, cryptography have come to combine. This algorithm is implemented in dna cryptography using the selfassembly of dna tiling labean et al. These methods are implemented mainly on two stages. Apr 01, 2015 dna cryptography is even less well studied, but ramped up work in cryptography over the past several years has laid good groundwork for applying dna methodologies to cryptography and steganography. The investigation conducted in that paper was based on a conventional symmetric encryption algorithm called yet another encryption algorithm yaea. Dnabased encryption algorithms, as a result of that dna cryptography is still in the initial stage, it dont have a complete model and an efficient verification mechanism. Dna computing with a concrete application, cryptography. Request pdf hardware implementation of dna based cryptography dna cryptography is a new field in cryptography that is emerging with the advancement.
A new framework of distributed system security using dna. Biological issues and cryptography computing difficulties provide a. M hardware implementation of dna based cryptography. In this research work, we are not determined to use real biological dna strands for computing, but just the principle ideas of the central dogma of molecular biology. Developing a new hybrid cipher algorithm using dna and rc4. Firstly, three dna sequence matrices are obtained by encoding the original color image which can be converted into three matrices r, g and b. But because dna subsequence operation is based on horizontal, or the length of the subsequences selected is longer, it may lead to the horizontal correlation of the adjacent pixels in original image a bit high. One potential key application is dnabased, molecular cryptography systems.
Bibhash roy et al 5 6 7 proposed a dna sequencing based encryption and decryption process. Dna is a biological term, deoxyribose nucleic acid, which is composed of two polynucleotide chains. The hdl synthesis report for hardware design is implemented for encryption. Dna can be used in cryptography for storing and transmitting the information, as well as for computation. In future, a security of data based on dna sequence with rle as a new method to. A dnabased implementation of yaea encryption algorithm. It is more secure and faster than triple des both in hardware and software. At present, work in dna cryptography is centered on using dna sequences to encode binary data in some form or another.
Its based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. A new framework of distributed system security using dna cryptography and trust based approach. Onetime pad encryption uses a codebook of random data to convert plaintext to ciphertext. Cryptography projects helps on transforming secure data across various channel. Dna cryptography using indexbased symmetric dna encryption.
Implementing modern cryptographic protocols using dna and rna. Based on the above analyses, a chaos based image encryption algorithm using dynamic dna coding and sha256 is introduced in this paper. Dna cryptographic systems are based on dna and one time pads and if they are implemented correctly it becomes virtually impossible to crack the system. Dna cryptography is even less well studied, but ramped up work in cryptography over the past several years has laid good groundwork for applying dna methodologies to cryptography and steganography. Dna binary strands support feasibility and applicability of dnabased cryptography debnath bhattacharyya et al. Hardware design and implementation of rolebased cryptography. First, pixels in different positions use different dna encoding or decoding rules according to the random matrix generated by a fivedimension hyperchaotic system. Dna cryptography is preferred due to information density and parallelism that are inherent in any dna molecule.
In our work we used a cryptosystem with symmetric key. Analysis on dna based cryptography to secure data transmission. The new dnabased cryptographic key generation algorithm is given in section 4. A new scheme which described a symmetric dnabased cipher approach was introduced in 2. The paper gives general introduction about network security, cryptography, dna sequence and rle. Most recombinant dna techniques are applied at concentrations of 5 grams of dna per liter of water. Dna has a great cryptographic strength, its binding properties between nucleotides bases at, cg offer the possibility to create selfassembly structures which are an efficient means of executing parallel molecular computations. Science developments have made possible the creation of more sophisticated systems. Wang x, zhang q 2009 dna computingbased cryptography, bio. We present some procedures for dna based cryptography based on onetimepads that are in principle unbreakable. However, these techniques are broken using dna cryptography techniques and methods. The bases of dna cryptography are to transform one byte of data to a series of four chromosomal. This paper also proposes a unique cipher text generation procedure as well as a new key generation procedure. Wang x, zhang q 2009 dna computing based cryptography, bio.
Implementation of cryptography using dna secret writing. It covers both conventional and publickey cryptography. Inspired pseudo biotic dna based cryptographic mechanism. Since, all the above requirements have not been completely fulfilled in the existing works, a novel dna based encryption and decryption algorithm is proposed and described below. Part of the advances in intelligent systems and computing book series aisc, volume 328. A novel image encryption algorithm based on dna subsequence. Dec 25, 20 most recombinant dna techniques are applied at concentrations of 5 grams of dna per liter of water. J chen a dnabased, bimolecular cryptography designiscas03. A combination between biology and cryptography, between dna and encryption is a quite new and interesting area. And in another approach dna strands are used to generate key for encryption and decryption. Hardware implementation of dna based cryptography ieee xplore. Implementation of dna cryptosystem using hybrid approach. A novel encryption technique for providing security to data is proposed.
The size of one time pad depends on the cryptographic systems. Dna indexing algorithm dna indexing is a stream cipher and symmetric algorithm that encrypts one byte at a time. Furthermore, it avoids complex biological experiment in traditional dna cryptography. A new technique of dna cryptography provides high security based on dna. A novel color image encryption algorithm based on dna.
Open access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. Different from the traditional dna encryption methods, our algorithm does not use complex biological operation but just uses the idea of dna subsequence operations such as elongation operation, truncation operation, deletion operation, etc. Dna based cryptosystems are used to convert message into segments. Cryptography and network security is an introductory text and a reference for actual implementations. Dna cryptography is a new instinctive cryptographic field that has emerged from the research of dna computing. A novel hyper chaosbased image encryption algorithm. As stated before, dna enables a good base to protect data and the method is called as dna cryptography.
Lot of techniques and systems has been developed based on modular arithmetic cryptography for encryption and decryption. One potential key application is dnabased, molecular cryptogra. A wet data base of biological data natural dna obtained from biological sources may be recoded using nonstandard bases landweber,lipton97, to allow for subsequent bmc processing. Implementing modern cryptographic protocols using dna.
In this method, by using one of the bases of nucleotides. Dna encryption based dual server password authentication. The art of transferring a known content into an unknown one and retransferring to original form is cryptography, where security engineering meets maths. A novel hyper chaosbased image encryption algorithm using. Dna based cryptography is an innovative and growing paradigm in. Introduction the security of a system is essential nowadays. We present some procedures for dnabased cryptography based on onetimepads that are in. K verma2 1csed, thapar university patiala, india 2csed, thapar university patiala, india abstract dna cryptography is a novel field being taken up for research by the researcher community in order to have secure communication on a network. Onetimepad is used code book to convert plain text into cipher text.